Anime, also known as Japanimation, refers to hand-drawn and computer-generated animation originating from Japan. The term “anime” is derived from the English word “animation,” and within Japan, it encompasses all forms of animated media. Outside Japan, however, “anime” specifically denotes animation produced in Japan or stylistic works closely associated with Japanese culture, often characterized by vivid graphics, dynamic characters, and fantastical themes. This broader cultural interpretation has led to the recognition of anime produced outside Japan, provided it aligns with these stylistic attributes.
Japanese commercial animation first appeared in 1917. A distinctive art style began to emerge in the 1960s through the works of Osamu Tezuka and gained popularity during the latter half of the 20th century, cultivating a large domestic and international fanbase. Anime is distributed through various channels, including theatrical releases, television broadcasts, direct home media, and online streaming. While many anime are original creations, a significant portion are adaptations of manga (Japanese comics), light novels, or video games.
Over time, animation techniques and production methods have evolved alongside new technologies. As a multimedia form, anime combines graphic art, character development, cinematography, and innovative creative techniques. Its focus often shifts from merely animating movement to creating realistic settings and employing cinematic effects such as panning, zooming, and camera angles. The art styles are diverse, with character designs ranging from exaggerated features like large emotive eyes to more realistically proportioned appearances.
Anime is categorized into numerous genres, appealing to both broad audiences and niche communities. Additionally, in the United States, terms like “wapanese” have emerged to describe individuals—often White fans—who wish to emulate Japanese culture, or “weeaboo,” referring to fans showing a deep fascination with Japanese anime and related subculture.
